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- How subduction zones work
- Deep-sea trenches mark the actual plate boundary.
- Plate collision causes compressional stress, resulting in folding, faulting, and earthquakes.
- Deep earthquakes occur within the subducted plate, which retains strength at depth because it is cooler than the mantle surrounding it.
- Water-rich magmas form above subducted lithosphere and undergo fractional crystallization to produce compositionally diverse igneous rocks.
12.4 What is the evidence that subduction occurs at convergent plate boundaries?